![]() ![]() This situation suggests minor return strokes as the leader contacts pockets of opposite charge, but the similarity ends there. Luminosity is more or less continuous and has several pulses of higher luminosity of one-millisecond duration superimposed upon it. The discharge is initiated by a leader that propagates between regions of opposite charge (or from a charged region to the neutral atmosphere). When an intracloud discharge occurs, the cloud becomes luminous for approximately 0.2 to 0.5 second. The first lightning flash in a thunderstorm is typically an intracloud discharge. ![]() True cloud-to-cloud lightning is rare because most lightning flashes occur within a cloud. The upward branching of such discharges makes them visually distinguishable from their “right-side-up” counterparts, giving the impression of a cloud-to-ground lightning flash that is upside down. These discharges often are initiated (or triggered) by tall structures or by towers on hilltops. Triggered lightningĪ small percentage of discharges between the cloud and ground are actually initiated at the ground and propagate upward to a charged region in the cloud. At distances of a few hundred metres, thunder begins with a sudden clap followed by a long rumble at larger distances, it begins with a rumble. The result is a series of sounds that are variously described as peaks, claps, rolls, and rumbles. The total thunder waveform comes from the entire lightning channel and includes the effects of channel branching and tortuosity, sound propagation in the atmosphere, and acoustic reflections from the local topography. Every three seconds correspond to one kilometre, and every five seconds correspond to one mile. The time delay between the bright flash of light and the arrival of the associated thunder can often be used to estimate the distance to a discharge. Since light travels at about 300,000 km (186,000 miles) per second and the speed of sound is only about 0.33 km (0.2 mile) per second, the light from a discharge will always be seen before the sound arrives at an observer. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.How Ads Work on YouTube.Įver wonder how YouTube makes enough sense out of its “endless waterfall of random content” to support a huge advertising business? Educational YouTuber CGP Grey breaks down the process. Taylor, formerly Vice Chair of the PMA board of directors, replaces Randy Thornton, who was PMA Chairman for the last five years. The Production Music Association (PMA) named APM Music President Adam Taylor its new chairman. The…ĪPM Music’s Adam Taylor Is New Production Music Association Chairman Imagine says the GPU-and-multicore-CPU-accelerated PrimeTranscoder works with “virtually all” camera-original formats from vendors including ARRI, Blackmagic Design, Canon, GoPro, Panasonic, Red and Sony. Mac users have a new option for transcoding files as Imagine Products offers the $699 PrimeTranscoder. Imagine Products Releases PrimeTranscoder for Mac “Los Angeles is the logical place for us to have… The former Motion FX, maker of ThunderPack RAID systems for on-set workflow, is now Acromove, with new world headquarters in the Universal Lofts building near Universal Studios opening this month. Motion FX Changes Name to Acromove, Opens HQ in L.A.
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